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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">REA Press</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Null</journal-id>
      <journal-title>REA Press</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">3009-3732</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3009-3732</issn><publisher>
      	<publisher-name>REA Press</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">https://doi.org/10.31181/sa31202537</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group><subject>Coefficient alpha, Cronbach’s alpha, Multidimensionality, Reliability, Unidimensionality.</subject></subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Adoption of Likert-Type Scales for Airline Service Quality Assessment</article-title><subtitle>Adoption of Likert-Type Scales for Airline Service Quality Assessment</subtitle></title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Adeniran</surname>
		<given-names>Adetayo Olaniyi </given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Transport Planning and Logistics, University of Ilesa, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria.</aff>
	</contrib><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Fakunle</surname>
		<given-names>Olutayo Sunday</given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Sociology, Redeemers’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.</aff>
	</contrib></contrib-group>		
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>26</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2025 REA Press</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/"><p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p></license>
      </permissions>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" vol="2" page="e235" id="RA1" ext-link-type="pmc">
			<article-title>Adoption of Likert-Type Scales for Airline Service Quality Assessment</article-title>
      </related-article>
	  <abstract abstract-type="toc">
		<p>
			Likert scales are helpful in social science and perception studies. High-quality tests are essential to examine the dependability of the data provided in a particular evaluation. One often-used measure of test reliability is Cronbach alpha. The dimensionality and test duration have an impact on it. The fundamentally tau-equivalent approach’s (a statistical method that measures how consistent a set of items are in a test) presumptions should be followed by alpha as a reliability indicator. If these presumptions are not met, a low alpha is shown. The Airline Service Quality (ASQ) test measures the quality of services offered by a specific airline using service attributes provided by the airline, which influence passenger satisfaction and enhance more than one-time patronage. The original instrument used measured opinions of a four-point Likert scale with fifteen airline service items, and the allowable Cronbach’s Alphas for the original test ranged from 0.70 to 0.95. By first adding a “3 represents undecided” option and then adding four-word items to the instrument, a five-point Likert scale was developed from the original instrument. The test was piloted with 33 participants.This pilot study’s Cronbach’s alpha was 0.85; following its employment in a larger research study, the instrument’s Cronbach’s alpha was 0.86, resulting in a tool with good internal consistency. Since reliability test depends on the extent of test, Cronbach alpha does not only evaluate test homogeneity or unidimensionality. Whether a test is homogeneous or not, its reliability is increased by its extent. A high alpha score (> 0.90) might indicate that the test should be shorter and may indicate redundancy.
		</p>
		</abstract>
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